Such a situation occurs if the patient is unconscious or otherwise unable to understand or acknowledge consent. These are considered emergency situations in which the patient’s health or safety may be at risk if treatment is delayed because consent cannot be obtained. There are, of course, certain situation in which it is not required of healthcare professionals to obtain consent before acting. The patient, or legal guardian, must sign and date the informed consent documents, and be given a copy. The risks and benefits of forgoing the proposed treatment or procedure.The risks of the procedure or treatment.The benefits of the procedure or treatment.The nature and reason for the treatment or procedure.When discussing the course of treatment, the physician should disclose: In most states, it is the responsibility of the physician treating a patient to confirm that informed consent has been obtained. Informed medical consent must be given willingly, as it is not valid if obtained under pressure or duress. The patient and medical professional share this responsibility, since the doctor does not automatically know what the patient does and does not understand. Typically, the information presented to the patient or legal guardian must be fully understood. There are legal requirements for obtaining informed medical consent, as well as its documentation, though they vary from state to state. In general, informed medical consent means advising the patient of reasons the treatment is needed, the benefits of having it done, the risks of harm that may occur, and any alternative treatments that may be considered. In a doctor’s office, hospital, or other medical setting, healthcare providers are required to obtain informed medical consent before treating a patient. Informed consent is also vital when entering a contract, as if one party is not fully informed, or if all information has not been disclosed, that uninformed party may be able to back out of the contract. The obtaining of informed consent is especially important in the medical field, as failing to receive such approval leaves medical professionals liable for injuries that may occur.
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